Role and place of levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia

Authors

  • D V Dmytriiev National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia
  • O A Nazarchuk National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia
  • Yu M Babina National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31636/prmd.v3i2.6

Keywords:

community-acquired pneumonia, fluorchinolones, levofloxacin

Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infections are the third mortality cause in the world and the first mortality cause in low-income countries. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a dangerous infectious pathology, especially in children younger than 5 years, elderly people and patients with compromised immunity. Antibiotic therapy is a standard treatment method for CAP. But an increase in antibiotics use caused a development of resistance in bacteria and onset of adverse events in humans. A new class of fluorchinolones is widely used nowadays in clinical practice. They have good activity against Gram-negative bacteria, as early chinolones, as well as against Gram-positive bacteria, such as pneumococci and atypical bacteria. An increasing amount of penicillin-resistant streptococcal pneumonia leads to more intensive studies of the use of new chinolones. In this review the data of 750 mg levofloxacin is presented. It is used in short courses for the treatment of severe and moderate CAP. Taking into account the broad spectrum of activity of levofloxacin ad bactericidal activity of this antibiotic, it can be a potential alternative therapy for the treatment of children and adults with CAP, especially with a tendency of an increase in antibiotic resistance of pneumococcus.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Krechikov VA. Levofloxacin: indications are expanding. Clin. mi-crobiol. and antimicrobial. chemother, 2004, 3: 282–285.

Nesterenko OM, et al. Rationale for the use of levofloxacin 750 mg intravenously for the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia in the hospital (literature review). Emergency medi-cine. 2019, 2 (97).

Hawkey PM. Mechanisms of quinolone action and microbial re-sponse. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 51:29–35.

Huband MD, Cohen MA, Zurack M, Hanna DL, Skerlos LA, Sula-vik MC, et al. In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of PD 0305970 and PD 0326448, new Bacterial Gyrase/Topoisomerase Inhibitors with Potent Antibacterial Activities versus Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive and Fastidious Organism Groups. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy [Internet]. American Society for Micro-biology; 2007 Jan 29;51(4):1191–201. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.01321–06

Ceccherini F, Falciani C, Onori M, Scali S, Pollini S, Rossolini GM, et al. Antimicrobial activity of levofloxacin – M33 peptide conjuga-tion or combination. MedChemComm [Internet]. Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC); 2016;7(2):258–62. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1039/c5md00392j

Prokhorovich EA, Silina EG. Possibilities of clinical application of levofloxacin. Lechashij vrach. 2001; 9: 50–53.

Babushkina AV. Levofloxacin. Aspects of clinical use. Ukr. Med. Chasopis, 2010; 2 (76).

Rudenko AV, et al. Etiological diagnosis and clinical status of wom-en with acute pyelonephritis. Laboratory Diagnostics, 2013; 4: 33–38.

Prina E, Ranzani OT, Torres A. Community-acquired pneumonia. The Lancet [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2015 Sep;386(9998):1097–108. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140–6736(15) 60733–4

Chen C-W, Chen Y-H, Cheng I-L, Lai C-C. Comparison of high-dose, short-course levofloxacin treatment vs conventional regi-men against acute bacterial infection: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Infection and Drug Resistance [Internet]. Informa UK Limited; 2019 May;Volume 12:1353–61. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s193483

Shorr AF, Khashab MM, Xiang JX, Tennenberg AM, Kahn JB. Levo-floxacin 750-mg for 5 days for the treatment of hospitalized Fine Risk Class III/IV community-acquired pneumonia patients. Respi-ratory Medicine [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2006 Dec;100(12):2129–

Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2006.03.019

Dunbar LM, Khashab MM, Kahn JB et al. Efficacy of 750-mg, 5-day levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumo-nia caused by atypical pathogens. Current Medical Research and Opinion [Internet]. Informa Healthcare; 2004 Apr;20(6):967–967. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1185/030079904125003935

Sinopalnikov AI. Short courses of antibiotic therapy for communi-ty-acquired pneumonia in adults. Less is better // MS. 2018; no. 15: 124–130.

Boselli E, Breilh D, Rimmelé T, Djabarouti S, Saux M-C, Chassard D, et al. Pharmacokinetics and intrapulmonary diffusion of levo-floxacin in critically ill patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. Critical Care Medicine [Internet]. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health); 2005 Jan;33(1):104–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000150265.42067.4c

Simonetti AF, Garcia-Vidal C, Viasus D, García-Somoza D, Dorca J, Gudiol F, et al. Declining mortality among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Clinical Microbiology and Infection [Internet]. Elsevier BV; 2016 Jun;22(6):567.e1–567.e7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.03.015

Sinopalnikov AI. Levofloxacin: role and place in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. Clin. Med. 2016; 94 (11): 851–860. https://doi.org/10.18821/0023–2149–2016–94–11–851–860

Kolek V. Community pneumonia – fundamentals of diagnosing and treatment. Inside Lek. 2017; 63 (7–8): 514–517.

Woodhead M., Blasi F., Ewig S. and the ERS/ESCMID Task Force. Guidelines for the management of adult lower respiratory tract infections. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. – 2011. – Vol. 17 (Suppl. 6). – P. 1–59.

Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean nC, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/Ameri-can Thoracic Society Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults. Clinical Infec-tious Diseases [Internet]. Oxford University Press (OUP); 2007 Mar 1;44(Supplement_2):S27–S72. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1086/511159

Belforti RK, Lagu T, Haessler S, Lindenauer PK, Pekow PS, Priya A, et al. Association Between Initial Route of Fluoroquinolone Ad-ministration and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Commu-nity-acquired Pneumonia. Clinical Infectious Diseases [Internet]. Oxford University Press (OUP); 2016 Apr 5;63(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciw209

Роль та місце левофлоксацину у лікуванні позагоспітальної пневмонії

Published

2021-03-11

Issue

Section

Clinical thinking

How to Cite

1.
Role and place of levofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. prmd [Internet]. 2021 Mar. 11 [cited 2024 Mar. 29];3(2):41-8. Available from: https://perioperative.org.ua/index.php/prtmdc/article/view/52